习近平总书记在统筹推进新冠肺炎疫情防控和经济社会发展工作部署会议上指出，随着疫情防控形势持续向好，符合条件的省份要适时下调响应级别并实行动态调整。江苏省自1月24日启动突发公共卫生事件一级应急响应以来，经过一个月的不懈努力，疫情防控工作取得了阶段性成效。早期输入性病例得到有效控制，避免了本土病例的大量流行，我省已连续6日无新增确诊病例，72.6%的患者已出院。根据国家有关法律法规和《江苏省突发公共卫生事件应急预案》，结合当前新冠肺炎疫情防控形势，省人民政府研究决定，自2月24日24时起，将疫情防控应急响应级别由突发公共卫生事件一级响应调整为二级响应。
不同级别的应急响应，区别主要体现在不同层级政府的职责定位，对于公众而言，不管实行哪一级应急响应，自我防护都是预防新冠肺炎和其他传染病的重要手段。随着各项限制性措施的逐步解除，人群流动恢复常态，暴露于传染源的机会大大增加，必须加强自我防护。居民个人要继续保持防范意识，减少社会交流活动，减少不必要的人群聚集；家庭及办公场所要勤通风；出行时佩带口罩，尤其是去人群密集的公共场所时；要勤洗手，注意饮食卫生，养成健康的生活方式。
根据《江苏省突发公共卫生事件应急预案》，根据突发公共卫生事件的性质、危害程度、涉及范围，将突发公共卫生事件划分为特别重大（Ⅰ级）、重大（Ⅱ级）、较大（Ⅲ级）和一般（Ⅳ级）四级。其中指出，调整为二级响应后，启动省突发公共卫生事件应急指挥中心，必要时成立现场指挥部。事件发生地的市、县（市、区）政府及有关部门在省突发公共卫生事件应急指挥中心的统一指挥下，按照要求认真履行职责，落实有关控制措施。非事件发生地的市、县（市、区）政府要服从省突发公共卫生事件应急指挥中心的调度，支援事件发生地的应急处置工作，同时采取必要的预防控制措施，防止突发公共卫生事件在本行政区域内发生。此前，江苏省于自2020年1月24日24时起，启动突发公共卫生事件一级响应，实行最严格的科学防控措施。
What Does It Mean When Jiangsu Lowers
Public Health Emergency Response from Level-I to Level II
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the meeting on coordinating the prevention and control of COVID-19 and economic and social development that, as epidemic control situation keeps improving, provinces where conditions permit should lower the level of public health emergency response and make adjustments as appropriate. After unremitting efforts in the past month since January 24 when Jiangsu activated level-I public health emergency response, marked progress has been made in epidemic prevention and control. Previously imported cases have been brought under effective control and local spread of the epidemic has been contained. There has been no new confirmed case in the province for six consecutive days, and 72.6% of the patients have been discharged from hospital. According to relevant national laws and regulations as well as the Public Health Emergency Contingency Plan of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Provincial People’s Government has decided in light of the current situation of epidemic prevention and control to lower its public health emergency response from level-I to level-II from 24:00, February 24.
Difference in the level of public health emergency response is mainly reflected in the responsibilities and positioning of government at various levels. For the general public, self-protection remains the main way to fend off COVID-19 and other infectious diseases, no matter which level of public health emergency response is in place. It is necessary to strengthen self-protection as the chance of exposure to infection sources increases with various restrictive measures lifted and normal population flow restored. Home and office ventilation should be conducted frequently. Individual residents are suggested to keep their awareness of prevention; reduce social activities and crowd gathering; wear a mask when going out, especially to public places with dense crowds; wash hands frequently; pay attention to food hygiene and develop a healthy lifestyle.
According to the Public Health Emergency Contingency Plan of Jiangsu Province, public health emergency is categorized, in light of the nature, degree of hazard, and scope of impact of the public health emergency in question, into four levels, level I, level II, level III and level IV. It is pointed out in the Plan that, when level-II public health emergency response is in place, the provincial public health emergency command center will be activated, and field headquarters will be established when necessary. The municipal, county (city, district) governments where the epidemic is prevalent and relevant departments shall follow the unified command of the provincial public health emergency command center in fulfilling their responsibilities and implementing control measures. The municipal, county (city, district) governments where the epidemic is not prevalent shall follow the deployment of the provincial public health emergency command center in helping places where the epidemic is prevalent respond to the emergency, and at the same time take necessary prevention and control measures to prevent the occurrence of the public health emergency within their jurisdiction. Prior to the adjustment, Jiangsu introduced level-I public health emergency response from 24:00, January 24, 2020 and adopted the strictest possible science-based prevention and control measures.
江蘇省は1級対応から2級対応に調整したのは、何を意味するのか
習近平総書記が新型コロナウィルス肺炎感染予防・抑制と経済社会発展事業指導会議において、感染抑制の情勢が良い方向に向かいつつある省や地域では適時に対応レベルの引き下げと動的調整を行うよう指示した。江蘇省は1月24日より突発公共衛生事件1級緊急対応をスタートして以来、1ヶ月間のたゆまない努力を経て、感染抑制事業が段階的な成果を上げている。早期のよそから移動感染した症例が効率よく抑制されているため、本地域の大規模な流行が避けられ、江蘇省はすでに6日間連続で新規確定患者が確認されず、また72.6%の患者が全治して退院したという。国家の関連法律・法規及び「江蘇省突発公共衛生事件緊急対応策」により、目下の新型コロナウィルス肺炎の感染抑制の情勢を見据え、省人民政府は2020年2月24日24時より、感染予防・抑制緊急対応レベルを突発公共衛生事件1級対応から2級対応に調整すると決定した。
異なるレベルの緊急対応の違いはそれぞれの行政の責任にある。一般市民にとっては、いかなるレベルの緊急対応が行われても、個人的な予防が新型コロナウィルス肺炎とその他の感染病を予防する重要な手段である。各制限措置が次々と解除されるにつれ、人的移動が通常まで回復しつつあることになる一方、感染源にさらされるリスクが大きくなるため、個人的な予防を必ず強化すべきである。市民としては引き続き感染予防意識を持って社会集団活動・不要の人込みを控え、住宅と職場では常に換気を行うこと。それに外出時、特に人込みが集中する公共場所に行く場合、マスクの着用のほか、手洗い・飲食衛生等個人的なエチケットを心がける。
「江蘇省突発公共衛生事件緊急対応策」では、突発公共衛生事件の性質・損害程度・波及範囲によると、突発公共衛生事件が特に重大（1級）、重大（2級）、大きい（3級）と一般（4級）という目安に分けられるという。そのうち、2級対応に調整された場合、省突発公共衛生事件緊急対応指導センターを設立し、必要の時に現場指導本部を設置する。事件が発生した市・県（市・区）政府及び関連機関は省突発公共衛生事件緊急対応指導センターの統一指導の下で、職責を履行し、関連の抑制措置を実行に移す。事件が発生していない市・県（市・区）政府は省突発公共衛生事件緊急対応指導センターの指導・要請に従い、事件が発生した地域の緊急対応支援にあたり、また必要な予防対策で突発公共衛生事件が本行政地域内での発生を防止する。この間、江蘇省は2020年1月24日24時より、突発公共衛生事件1級対応をスタートし、最も厳格な科学的予防・抑制措置を行ってきた。
장쑤성 1급대응에서 2급으로 하향 조정,무슨 의미인가?
시진핑총서기는 코로나19방역과 경제사회 발전을 통합적으로 추진하는 업무 배치 회의에서 코로나19의 방역 형세가 계속 좋아지고 있어서 조건에 맞는 성들이 적당한 시기에 돌발공중위생사건대응의 단계를 하향 조정하고 역동적인 조절을 해야 한다고 지시했다.장쑤성은 1월 24일 돌발공중위생사건1급대응을 선포한 이래 한 달동안 끊임없는 노력을 통해 코로나 19방역 업무의 계단성 효과를 취득했다.조기 수입성 병례들이 효율적으로 통제되었고 현지 병례의 대유행도 피했으며,그리고 성내 6일 연속 새로 추가된 확진자가 없으므로 나타났고 72.6%의 환자들이 완치되어 퇴원했다.국가 관한 법률,법규,<장쑤성 돌발공중위생사건 응급방지책>에 의해, 현재 코로나19방역 상황에 따라 장쑤성인민정부는 2020년 2월 24일 24시부터 코로나19의 응급 대응 단계를 돌발공중위생사건1급대응에서 2급대응으로 하향 조정하겠다고 결정했다.
응급대응등급의차별은주로등급별정부의역할정립에나타나며, 대중에게는어떤응급대응을시행하든자기 방호는 항상코로나19 및기타전염병을예방하는중요한수단이다. 각종제한조치해제및군중유동이정상적인상태로회복함에따라오염원에노출될기회가크게증가하니까자기방호를더강화해야한다. 주민은계속예방의식을유지하고, 사회교류활동을줄이며, 불필요한모임을피해야한다. 집안및사무실은자주환기시켜야하고외출할때, 특히사람이밀집한장소에갈때는마스크를반드시착용해야한다. 손을자주씻고음식위생을주의해서건강한생활습관을길러야한다.
<장쑤성돌발공중위생사건응급방지책>에의하면돌발공중위생사건의성질, 위험도, 범위에따라특별중대(Ⅰ급), 중대(Ⅱ급), 비교적중대(Ⅲ급) 그리고일반(Ⅳ급)으로나눠관리하고있다. 이중2급대응으로조정한후성돌발공중위생사건응급지휘센터를가동하고필요할경우현장지휘부를설립한다는지적이다. 사건발생지의시현(시구) 정부및관계부처는성돌발공중위생사건응급지휘센터의통일된지휘하에, 요구에따라직무를수행하고관련통제조치를이행한다. 非 사건발생지의시현(시구) 정부는성돌발공중위생사건응급지휘센터의지휘에복종하여사건발생지의응급처치를지원하는동시에, 돌발공중위생사건이본행정구역내에서발생하지않도록필요한예방통제조치를취한다. 이전에장쑤성은2020년1월24일24시부터돌발공중위생사건1급대응을개시해서가장엄격한과학적통제조치를시행했다.
